Parse the molecular formula
The molecule contains one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms.
Lewis Structure
Carbon dioxide
CO2 has carbon in the center with two double bonds to oxygen. Each oxygen keeps two lone pairs.
Use the diagram and steps below to check the carbon dioxide Lewis structure, CO2 Lewis dot structure, valence electrons, formal charges, and molecular shape.
Carbon dioxide
The molecule contains one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms.
Carbon contributes 4 electrons. Each oxygen contributes 6.
Carbon is less electronegative than oxygen and can form multiple bonds.
Connect both oxygen atoms to carbon with single bonds first.
Two double bonds give carbon an octet and keep formal charges at zero.
| Atom | Formal charge |
|---|---|
| C | 0 |
| O | 0 each |
The CO2 Lewis structure is O=C=O. Each oxygen has two lone pairs, and all formal charges are 0.
The Lewis dot structure for CO2 is the electron-dot drawing shown above. The CO2 Lewis structure is O=C=O. Each oxygen has two lone pairs, and all formal charges are 0.
CO2 has 16 total valence electrons in this Lewis structure.
CO2 has linear molecular geometry and linear electron geometry.
CO2 is nonpolar in the Lewis structure shown here. Its molecular geometry is Linear.
Method notes are aligned with standard Lewis structure steps: count valence electrons, draw a skeleton, distribute electrons, form multiple bonds when needed, and check formal charges and resonance.
OpenStax Chemistry 2e: Lewis Symbols and Structures and Formal Charges and Resonance.